… علم نجوم با همه سفارشهایى که براى پى گیرى و پژوهش آن صورت گرفته بود پس از خواجه نصیرالدین طوسى و از بین رفتن رصدخانه مراغه رو به افول نهاد و مطالعات جغرافیایى دنبال نشد. …
The history of Arabic and Persian lexicography is long and extremely varied. But no matter what dictionary one is looking at, it is always organized in a certain way and always has a …
Rashīd al-Dīn Hamadānī (d. 718/1319) came from a Jewish family in Hamadan. His grandfather had been a courtier of Hūlāgū Khān (r. 1256-65) while his father was a court pharmacist. …
Born into an influential family from Kujuj near Tabriz, Khwājah Ghiyāth al-Dīn Shaykh Muḥammad Kujujānī was a relative of the well-known mystic Muḥammad b. Ṣiddīq Kujujī (d. 677/…
… رفیق آوتیس سلطانزاده بسال ۱۸۸۹ میلادی ( ۱۲۸۶ شمسی در خانواده ای از ارامنه شهر مراغه چشم بجهان گشود. دوران کودکی اش را در آذربایجان گذراند و از ۱۳ سالگی به منظور ادامه ی تحصیل به روسیه …
Muṣliḥ al-Dīn Lārī (d. 979/1572) was a Persian scholar in the traditional and foreign sciences. Born in Luristan in south-western Iran, he received his academic education in Shiraz, …
The Nahj al-balāgha is a collection of sermons, letters, testimonials, and wise sayings attributed to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (d. 40/661), the Prophet’s son-in-law, successor, and first imam of the …
Muʾmin Ḥusayn Yazdī (d. 1018/1609) was an Islamic scholar and a poet. Born in Yazd around 948/1541, his father was librarian to the governor of Yazd at the time, Shāh Niʿmatallāh …
طی بیست سال اخیر استان گیلان همواره در کانون اصلی مهاجرپذیری و رشد جمعیت شهرهای بزرگ وکوچک قرار داشته است. شهر بندر انزلی نیز به شدت متأثر از شرایط یاد شده بوده است؛ به طوری که …
Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn al-Makkī (d. 559/1163-64) was a specialist of theology and law and the preacher (khaṭīb) of the Shāfi’ī congregation in Rayy of his time. Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn is, however, best …